FLIGHT PROCEDURES (DOC 8168) - ARRIVAL AND APPROACH PROCEDURES1.3.1 FLIGHT PROCEDURES (DOC 8168) - ARRIVAL AND APPROACH PROCEDURES 1 1.3.1 Aircraft performance has a direct effect on the airspace and visibility required for the various manoeuvres 1 GENERAL CRITERIA FOR ARRIVAL AND APPROACH PROCEDURES speed.1.3.2 1.2 associated with the conduct of instrument approach procedures. The most significant performance factor is aircraft 1.2 INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE1.2.1 1.3.2 These categories provides a standardized basis for relating aircraft manoeuvrability to specific instrument approach procedures.

For precision approach procedures, the dimensions of the aircraft are also a factor for the calculation of the obstacle clearance height (OCH). For Category DL aircraft, an additional obstacle clearance 1.2.1 External factors influencing the approach procedure The design of an instrument approach procedure is, in general, dictated by the terrain surrounding the aerodrome, the type of operations contemplated and the aircraft to be accommodated. These factors in turn influence the type and siting of navigation aids in relation to the runway or aerodrome. Airspace restrictions may also affect the siting of navigation aids.1.2.2 altitude/height (OCA/H) is provided, when necessary, to take into account the specific dimensions of these aircraft.1.3.3 1.3.3 The criterion taken into consideration for the classification of aeroplanes by categories is the indicated airspeed at threshold (Vat ), which is equal to the stall speed Vso multiplied by 1.3, or stall speed Vslg multiplied by 1.23 in the landing configuration at the maximum certificated landing mass. If both Vso and Vslg are available, the higher resulting Vat shall be applied.1.3.4 1.2.2 Segments of the approach procedure1.2.2.1 1.3.4 The landing configuration that is to be taken into consideration shall be defined by the operator or by the aeroplane manufacturer.1.3.5 1.2.2.1 An instrument approach procedure may have five separate segments. They are the arrival, initial, intermediate, final and missed approach segments. See Figure I-4-1-1.

The 2016 version (16th Edition) of Doc 4444 (Officially “PANS-ATM, or Procedures for Navigation Services – Air Traffic Management) was published in November 2016 by ICAO. Engraving machine software download. This manual contains critical information for aircrews operating internationally. Download the original document here (PDF, 6mB), and note.

In addition, an area for circling the aerodrome under visual conditions is also considered.1.2.2.2 1.3.5 Aircraft categories will be referred. Throughout this document by their letter designations.1.3.6 1.2.2.2 The approach segments begin and end at designated fixes. However, under some circumstances certain of the segments may begin at specified points where no fixes are available. For example, the final approach segment of a precision approach may start where the intermediate flight altitude intersects the nominal glide path (the final approach point).1.2.3 1.3.6 Permanent change of category (maximum landing mass). An operator may impose a permanent lower landing mass, and use of this mass for determining V at if approved by the changing day-to-day operations.1.3.7 State of the Operator.

FOREWORD INTRODUCTION The Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) consists of two volumes as follows: Volume I — Flight Procedures Volume II — Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures The division of the PANS-OPS into the two volumes was accomplished in 1979 as a result of an extensive amendment to the obstacle clearance criteria and the construction of approach-to-land procedures. Prior to 1979, all PANS-OPS material was contained in a single document. Table A shows the origin of amendments together with a list of the principal subjects involved and the dates on which the PANS-OPS and the amendments were approved by the Council and when they became applicable. Volume I — Flight Procedures describes operational procedures recommended for the guidance of flight operations personnel and flight crew. It also outlines the various parameters on which the criteria in Volume II are based so as to illustrate the need to adhere strictly to the published procedures in order to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of safety in operations. Volume II — Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures is intended for the guidance of procedures specialists and describes the essential areas and obstacle clearance requirements for the achievement of safe, regular instrument flight operations. It provides the basic guidelines to States, and those operators and organizations producing instrument flight charts that will result in uniform practices at all aerodromes where instrument flight procedures are carried out.